The mediator between instinctual impulses and reality in Freudian theory is the

• A. Id
• B. Superego
• C. Ego
• D. Reality principle

Answer: (C)

In Freudian theory, the ego functions as the mediator between instinctual impulses and reality. The id harbors impulsive drives aiming for immediate gratification, operating on the pleasure principle. The ego, guided by the reality principle, tests options, delays gratification, and plans actions that satisfy wishes in ways that are feasible and socially acceptable. It also negotiates with the moral demands of the superego and the demands of the external world, using reality testing and defense mechanisms as needed. The other parts aren’t mediators themselves: the id is the source of drives, and the superego enforces internalized morals. The reality principle is the principle the ego uses to regulate behavior in light of real-world constraints.