What is the main goal of behavior theory as described?

• A. Focused on uncovering unconscious conflicts
• B. Eliminate negative learned behavior; goals should be specific, concrete, with specific problems
• C. Analyze dreams and past experiences
• D. Emphasize transference

Answer: (B)

Behavior theory centers on observable actions and how learning shapes them. Its main aim is to reduce or eliminate problematic behavior by directly modifying what a person does in response to their environment, using clear, measurable objectives. Goals are specific, concrete, and tied to identifiable behaviors or problems, so progress can be tracked and interventions adjusted. This emphasis on observable change contrasts with approaches that focus on unconscious conflicts, dream interpretation, or the therapeutic relationship and transference, which come from psychodynamic traditions. By targeting concrete behavioral targets and the reinforcement or shaping strategies that produce change, behavior theory seeks practical, lasting improvement in behavior.