Which technique involves teaching by demonstration and imitation?

• A. Modeling
• B. Dream interpretation
• C. Transference analysis
• D. Free association

Answer: (A)

Modeling involves teaching by demonstration and imitation. In this approach, the counselor or a model shows a targeted behavior for the client to observe, and then the client practices the behavior themselves. This fits with social learning theory, which holds that people learn new skills by watching others perform them, retaining what they observe, reproducing the behavior, and staying motivated to practice through feedback or reinforcement. Modeling is especially effective for teaching concrete skills like coping strategies, communication, relaxation, or assertiveness because the learner can see the exact steps in action and imitate them with guided practice. The other techniques mentioned are distinct: dream interpretation explores unconscious content through dreams, transference analysis examines how a client’s feelings are projected onto the therapist, and free association invites spontaneous, uncensored verbal responses to reveal hidden material.